پژوهش نامه مطالعات مرزی
پیاپی 37 (پاییز 1401)

As the forces that will be engaged in establishing security in the border areas after completing their education, the students of the border guard department need to create a suitable mental environment that can provide the attractiveness of the border department and create a tendency towards this department. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the tendency of students towards border studies. The research method is practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the nature of the data and the method of execution, it is of the type of qualitative research. The statistical population in this research is 32 professors and students of Marzari, who were selected purposefully and taking into account the condition of theoretical saturation. Research data was collected using the common tool of semi-structured interview with the participants, which was face-validated. And its reliability was done through re-review by the statistical community. Also, data analysis has been done with thematic analysis technique and using MaxQuda software, the findings obtained through coding were implemented in 3 stages of open, central and selective coding, the number of 47 basic themes, 13 organizing themes. And 6 learning themes, such as the application of new educational technology, incentive policies, making the educational environment pleasant, management of organizational behavior, education and promotional policies on borderline orientation were identified from the perspective of participants in two groups of professors and students. The obtained results show that all the identified factors are mutually related and each of them can help border guards as local factors in recognizing the tendency of students towards border guarding.

Religious tourism is one of the important characteristics of tourism, which includes a significant share of tourism activities. The border city of Mehran has a lot of room for growth and development in terms of religious tourism in terms of its geographical location (Atbat Gate). One of the great opportunities in the field of attracting religious tourists in this city is the Arbaeen walking ritual, which can contribute to regional development. have a significant impact. In this regard, the present thesis has studied the border city of Mehran with the aim of investigating regional development policies with the approach of religious tourism. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population includes experts and senior managers of provinces and cities, 30 people were selected as the sample size by snowball method. Structural analysis method and pls software were used for data analysis. The results showed that among the obtained coefficients, the institutional effect obtained the highest score with a coefficient of 0.685, indicating that it has the highest impact on regional development. The economic index with a coefficient of 0.440 ranks second in terms of impact on regional development. Socio-cultural with a coefficient of 0.334 has the third degree of impact on regional development, and physical index with 0.287 and environmental index with 0.118 have an impact on regional development, respectively.

The expansion of the population of the cities and the increase of urban needs, on the other hand, the damage and natural and human threats to the cities, especially in the border areas, are threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to urban resilience to increase the capacity and power of urban settlements against risks. Resilience is the degree of resistance of systems, their ability to tolerate change and disruption and the continuity of existing relationships between people and variables. Therefore, resilience is proposed with the approach of strengthening communities and reducing the vulnerability of cities, especially in border areas in terms of sensitive situations. The research aims to analyze the obstacles to the realization of urban resilience in the city of Zabul. This research is "descriptive-analytical" in nature and "applied" in terms of purpose. The method of collecting information was a document and a survey (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research is the residents of Zabol city and the sample size is 384 households based on Cochran's formula. The analysis was done using the factor analysis method and IDAS technique. The results show that the most important obstacles to the realization of resilience in the city of Zabul are environmental factors, poverty and unemployment, which cover 50% of the total variance. The reasons for this are severe droughts in recent years, low rainfall, lack of water resources and vegetation, high migration from rural to the city, decrease in production activities and increase in informal jobs and unemployment. The ranking of the districts of Zabul with the Idas model shows that District 1 is in a poor condition and District 2 is in a good condition in terms of resilience, the reasons for which can be attributed to the economic and social conditions of the resident's population, being immigrants, the quality of housing and the urban infrastructure of this area Cited

Due to their specific location and function, border cities are among the cities where both groups of global and local forces affect their stability. Based on this, the main problem of this research is based on the strength of the border cities of Kurdistan province, and then the effect of the border location on the stability of these border cities, as well as the necessary strategies to achieve sustainability in these cities. Therefore, considering the importance of the border location and the effect that this location can have on urban development and urban sustainability, this research seeks to evaluate the sustainability in border cities with a case study of the border cities of Kurdistan province. To answer these issues, in this research, using Descriptive-analytical method and using methods such as numerical taxonomy, strategy planning method, as well as data based on SPSS software and single-sample T-statistic methods were measured to evaluate the stability in the border cities of Kurdistan province and the effect of the border location on their strength. The results of the research showed that the average stability calculated for all the studied cities in the four dimensions was obtained as 0.5, which is in the range of moderate strength. Also, based on the numerical taxonomy method, in connection with the urban areas of Marivan and Bane cities, as the cities studied in this thesis, which have the most significant number of border cities, they are ranked 1 and 2 in terms of urban sustainability with 0.5396 and 0.5401, respectively, which shows the positive effects of the border location on the stability of the city. Also, in this study, based on the participatory strategic planning method and using the SWOT model, the results showed that considering the special conditions of the border cities as well as the internal and external factors affecting the sustainable development of these cities, the formulated strategies are focused on certain dimensions.

As a complex system, cities are constantly changing and evolving, as they are born, grow and try to restore a new order by entering disorder, in the same way, with the widespread of the coronavirus in the world in general and cities in particular, all urban life is under The radius has been placed and it has caused damage to the cities. Among them, the border cities are among the vulnerable and fragile areas from the economic, social and environmental aspects, which have been severely affected by the coronavirus. Based on this, while identifying these damages, the current research has focused on prioritizing measures to deal with this virus and the new reproduction of Urmia city. To achieve this goal, the risk assessment model (FMEA) has been used to analyze the damages caused by Corona and the preference model (BWM) has been used to prioritize the proposed measures. The results of the research indicated the identification of 50 risks in different areas of Urmia city, among which 16 risks were at an obvious and serious level that could disrupt the urban system. Therefore, to reduce the vulnerability of the city of Urmia, measures such as pursuing electronic government policies, remote work and expanding businesses in virtual space, tending towards smart urban and neighbourhood-oriented growth, accurate and appropriate monitoring of the market and prices to prevent overselling, hoarding and scarcity of products, taking advantage of The opportunities created during the coronavirus, such as taking advantage of the empty capacities of the economy, especially the provision of health goods and compliance with health protocols in different urban spaces, have been prioritized

The city of Parsabad, one of the provinces of Ardabil province, has a high level of conflict and conflicts due to its traditional, ethnic and social capital. The city of Parsabad is a society with a collective-traditional structure and witnesses many tribal-Ili conflict. The purpose of this research is to study about the occurrence of tribal-Ili conflict and the factors affecting it. The research method is quantitative-survey and its tool is researcher-made and standard questionnaire, random cluster sampling method and sample size equal to 384 people (according to Cochran's formula). The theoretical support of the research is the theory of collectivism (group limiting social capital). The results show that the level of tendency towards tribal-Ili conflict among men (13.69) compared to women; Single people (13.70) compared to the married group, age group 18 to 30 years (14.18) compared to age groups over 30 years old, illiterate and elementary school people (13.95) compared to other educational groups, occupational group Unemployed (14/20) and livestock farmer (14/05) compared to the student, agricultural and government job group, the lower class group (13/71) compared to the upper and middle class and finally the rural residents (13/98) compared to Urban residents are more. Inferential results show that between intragroup trust (0.341); intragroup cohesion (0.209); social power inequality (0.171); belonging to the tribe-Ili (0.450); social prejudice (0.382); Dag Nang Ili (0.118); relative deprivation (0.390); Imagining charity (0.226); The level of social class (-0.238) had a significant relationship with the tribal conflict. In total, the multiple correlation coefficient is equal to 0.289 and the overall explanation coefficient is equal to 0.263.

Climatic conditions are one of the important elements that are used by military units in general and border units in particular to ensure security in the formulation of military tactics and offensive and defense warfare; In recent years, with climate change in the area of ​​Hur al-Azim Wetland, we see the dryness of this area and sometimes rising water levels, due to the special work of the Border Command in securing our border areas, which is one of the important missions of this organization to carry out delay operations during enemy attacks. (Neighboring country).

The research is applied research in terms of purpose and result and based on the nature of the data is qualitative, which was done using the Delphi method. The statistical population in this study was 13 commanders and senior and middle managers of Khuzestan province, especially the Azadegan plain border regiment. The sampling method is "targeted judgmental" or "selective". Data collection tools were interview (semi-structured questionnaire in the early stages of brainstorming panels) and closed questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the data collected from the questionnaires.

Climatic changes of Horalazim Wetland in the delayed operations of the Azadegan Plain Border Regiment have favorable (positive) and unfavorable (negative) consequences regarding the delayed operations of the executive units (companies and checkpoints) of this border regiment. Three consequences of "slowing down the enemy's movement by increasing the water depth (rising water level) during the wet season"; "The possibility of constructing and using natural obstacles (reservoirs) in front of the enemy in wet weather" were counted.

Among the unfavorable consequences of climate change in Hur al-Azim border residents to Aqaba due to drought" and "reduction of vegetation, drying of wetlands and "As a result, natural barriers are removed in times of drought."